Paper and ink characteristics effects on print density were investigated.  For this purpose three types of papers and four types of printing inks at 2 viscosities levels (25-30, 50-55) were used. After measuring of paper and ink characteristics, chosen paper were printed by inks and then printing density was measured. Statistical analysis was conducted based on a complete randomized design in factorial experimental model and means were analyzed and grouped by Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) using SPSS software. Result indicated that solid content, pH and particles diameter of inks have significant effect on print density. While roughness and water absorption of papers do not have on significantly influences on print density. There was not any significant difference between two viscosity levels and print density.

Identification and Verification using fingerprint has direct relation with quality of fingerprint. In this paper، novel method is proposed to enhance the quality of fingerprint using Arc-Gabor filter bank. Indeed proposed filter bank is an adaptive version of standard filter bank for fingerprint. Evaluating the ability of proposed method is done using two methods. In the first method، results of verification and identification using normalized histogram of Binarized Statistical Image Feature (BSIF) are compared for the fingerprints before and after using proposed method. And in the second method، Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) is used. Two databases DBI and DBII are used for evaluation. Using proposed method، for verification Equal Error Rate، are decrease from (15. 89% and 11. 70%) to (11. 35% and 8. 00%)، respectively، and for identification، 1st rank correct recognition rate are increased from (69. 28% and 71. 16%) to (78. 80% and 81. 70%)، respectively. Average values of PSNR for enhanced fingerprint using proposed methods are more than other version of Gabor filter.

Attitude determination of a moving platform, i.e. roll, pitch, and heading, is one of the essential issues in hydrographic surveying. Commonly, the attitude parameters are measured by motion reference units (MRUs) that are installed onboard the platform. Indeed, in order for bathymetry, the accuracy of the onboard MRU must be in agreement with the corresponding IHO standards. As an alternative method, on the other hand, the platform attitudes can reliably be determined via GPS phase observations. Therefore, GPS-based methods for determining the attitudes can be regarded as a suitable experimental tool for quality control of onboard MRUs. In this contribution, a new GPS-based method is presented for quality assessment of MRU. The proposed method can algorithmically be explained as follows: (i) Establishment of a GPS antenna at berth near to the field operation area. (ii) Installation of four GPS antennae onboard the vessel. (iii) Realization of the body frame (b-frame) with the origin at one of the onboard antennae, hereafter Ant. 1, and measurements of the b-frame coordinates of the other onboard antennae. (iv) Starting GPS observations at about 20 minutes before departure for ambiguity resolution, while the vessel is moored at the berth. (v) Sailing from minimum to maximum cruise speed while GPS and MRU observations are going on. (vi). Realization of a local level frame (ℓℓ-frame) at Ant. 1 as well as transformation of the GPS geocentric coordinates to the established ℓℓ-frame. (vii) Using GPS observations to compute the attitude parameters and the corresponding precisions based on the least squares. (viii) Comparing the GPS-derived attitude parameters with those derived by the onboard MRU. (ix) Estimation of the accuracy and bias of the MRU. As the case study, the presented method is applied to 27-meter long survey vessel of National Geographic Organization (NGO) based on four dual-frequency Javad GNSS receivers with choke-ring antennae in the surrounding waters of Kish harbor at different cruise speeds ranging from 5 to 12 knots. Numerical results asserted achievement of mean precisions of 28", 28" and 17" for the pitch, roll and heading, respectively, using carrier phase observations according to the proposed procedure. Moreover, the estimated accuracies for the pitch, roll and heading of the onboard MRU are 7.5', 7.7' and 32.6', respectively. Furthermore, the correction coefficients were computed for the pitch, roll and heading of the onboard MRU. The overall results approved the efficiency of the proposed method to reliably derive the attitudes of moving platforms.

Million tons of waste are produced annually in mining and processing of dimension Stone in Iran. In most cases, the waste is released in nature that would cause environmental hazards. In this work, artificial Stone slabs were manufactured by combination of coarse waste and sludge powder of Stone cutting factories. The results show that the manufactured Stone slabs have physical and mechanical specifications according to Iranian national standards for building Stone. With increasing the amount of resin in the composition, the flexural and tensile strength were increased and the compressive strength and water absorption coefficient were decreased. The slabs produced from granite waste compare to the slabs produced from marble waste had better physical and mechanical specifications. At the optimum condition, with the aim of using more waste, with a composition of 90% marble waste and 10% resin, artificial Stone slabs were produced which have compressive strength about 143 MPa, flexural strength of 21 MPa, tensile strength of 25 MPa, water absorption coefficient 1% and density equal to 2. 32 g/cm3.

The main topic of this research is to investigate different gravimetric reduction in the context of precise geoid determination. Gravimetric reduction perform an essential role on precise geoid determination, particularly in rugged areas. A numerical investigation was performed in the rugged area of the Northwest Iran within the geographical boundaries 35.5>j>39.5 and 44.5>l>49.5 to study gravimetric geoid solutions based on the Rudzki inversion scheme, Helmert’s second method of condensation, RTM, and the topographic-isostatic reduction methods of Airy-Heiskanen (AH) and Pratt-Hayford (PH). The results shows Rudzki geoid performs as well as the Helmert and RTM geoids (in terms of standard deviation and range of minimum and maximum values) when comparing to comparison with the GPS-levelling geoid of the test area. Rudzki inversion the sole gravimetric reduction scheme which doesn't change the equipotential surface and thus doesn't need the calculation of the indirect effect.